MAIN CATEGORIES:
 1. Population
2. Vital Statistics
3. Health and Nutrition
4. Education
5. Law Enforcement, Courts
and Prisons
6. Geography and Environment
7. Parks, Recreation, Travel
8. Elections
9. State and Local Government
Finances and Employment
10. Federal Government
Finances and Employment
11. National Defense and
Veterans Affairs
12. Social Insurance and Human
Services
13. Labor Force, Employment,
and Earnings
14. Income, Expenditures, and
Wealth
15. Prices
16. Banking, Finance, and
Insurance
17. Business Enterprise
18. Communications and
Information Technology
19. Energy
20. Science and Technology
21. Transportation - Land
22. Transportation - Air
and Water
23. Agriculture
24. Natural Resources
25. Construction and Housing
26. Manufactures
27. Domestic Trade and
Services
28. Foreign Commerce and Aid
29. Outlying Areas
30. Comparative International
Statistics
31. Industrial Outlook
32. 1997 Economic Census
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644. Civilian Labor Force and Participation Rates, With Projections
[For civilian noninstitutional population 16 years old and over (82.8 represents82,800,000). Annual averages of monthly figures. Rates are based on annual average civilian
noninstitutional population of each specified group andrepresent proportion of each specified group in the civilian laborforce. Based on Current Population Survey; see text, Section
1, Population, andAppendix III]
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CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE (millions)
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PARTICIPATION RATE (percent)
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RACE, SEX, AND AGE
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1970
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1975
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1980
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1985
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1987
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1988
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1989
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1990 1
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1991
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1992
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1993
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1994 1
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1995
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1996
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1997 1
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19981
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1999 1
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2008,
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1970
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1975
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1980
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1985
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1987
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1988
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1989
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1990 1
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1991
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1992
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1993
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1994 1
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1995
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1996
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1997 1
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19981
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1999 1
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2008,
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proj.
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proj.
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Total 2
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82.8
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93.8
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106.9
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115.5
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119.9
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121.7
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123.9
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125.8
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126.3
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128.1
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129.2
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131.1
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132.3
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133.9
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136.3
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137.7
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139.4
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154.6
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60.4
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61.2
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63.8
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64.8
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65.6
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65.9
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66.5
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66.5
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66.2
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66.4
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66.3
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66.6
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66.6
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66.8
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67.1
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67.1
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67.1
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67.6
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White
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73.6
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82.8
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93.6
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99.9
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103.3
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104.8
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106.4
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107.4
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107.7
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108.8
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109.7
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111.1
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112.0
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113.1
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114.7
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115.4
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116.5
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126.7
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60.2
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61.5
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64.1
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65.0
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65.8
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66.2
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66.7
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66.9
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66.6
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66.8
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66.8
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67.1
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67.1
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67.2
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67.5
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67.3
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67.3
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67.9
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Male
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46.0
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50.3
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54.5
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56.5
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57.8
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58.3
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59.0
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59.6
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59.7
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60.2
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60.5
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60.7
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61.1
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61.8
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62.6
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63.0
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63.4
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67.7
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80.0
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78.7
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78.2
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77.0
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76.8
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76.9
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77.1
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77.1
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76.5
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76.5
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76.2
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75.9
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75.7
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75.8
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75.9
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75.6
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75.6
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74.5
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Female
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27.5
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32.5
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39.1
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43.5
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45.5
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46.4
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47.4
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47.8
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48.1
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48.7
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49.2
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50.4
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50.8
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51.3
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52.1
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52.4
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53.1
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59.0
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42.6
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45.9
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51.2
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54.1
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55.7
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56.4
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57.2
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57.4
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57.4
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57.7
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58.0
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58.9
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59.0
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59.1
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59.5
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59.4
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59.6
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61.5
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Black 3
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9.2
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9.3
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10.9
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12.4
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13.0
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13.2
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13.5
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13.7
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13.8
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14.2
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14.2
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14.5
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14.8
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15.1
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15.5
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16.0
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16.4
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19.1
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61.8
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58.8
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61.0
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62.9
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63.8
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63.8
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64.2
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64.0
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63.3
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63.9
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63.2
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63.4
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63.7
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64.1
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64.7
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65.6
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65.8
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66.3
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Male
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5.2
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5.0
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5.6
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6.2
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6.5
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6.6
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6.7
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6.8
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6.9
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7.0
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7.0
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7.1
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7.2
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7.3
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7.4
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7.5
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7.7
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8.9
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76.5
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70.9
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70.3
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70.8
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71.1
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71.0
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71.0
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71.0
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70.4
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70.7
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69.6
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69.1
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69.0
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68.7
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68.3
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69.0
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68.7
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68.3
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Female
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4.0
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4.2
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5.3
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6.1
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6.5
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6.6
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6.8
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6.9
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6.9
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7.2
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7.2
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7.4
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7.6
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7.9
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8.2
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8.4
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8.7
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10.2
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49.5
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48.8
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53.1
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56.5
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58.0
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58.0
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58.7
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58.3
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57.5
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58.5
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57.9
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58.7
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59.5
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60.4
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61.7
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62.8
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63.5
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64.6
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Hispanic 4
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(NA)
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(NA)
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6.1
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7.7
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8.5
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9.0
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9.3
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10.7
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10.9
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11.3
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11.6
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12.0
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12.3
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12.8
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13.8
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14.3
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14.7
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19.6
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(NA)
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(NA)
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64.0
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64.6
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66.4
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67.4
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67.6
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67.4
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66.5
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66.8
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66.2
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66.1
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65.8
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66.5
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67.9
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67.9
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67.7
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67.7
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Male
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(NA)
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(NA)
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3.8
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4.7
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5.2
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5.4
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5.6
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6.5
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6.7
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6.9
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7.1
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7.2
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7.4
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7.6
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8.3
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8.6
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8.5
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11.0
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(NA)
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(NA)
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81.4
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80.3
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81.0
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81.9
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82.0
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81.4
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80.3
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80.7
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80.2
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79.2
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79.1
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79.6
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80.1
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79.8
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79.8
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77.9
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Female
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(NA)
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(NA)
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2.3
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3.0
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3.4
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3.6
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3.7
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4.2
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4.3
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4.4
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4.5
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4.8
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4.9
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5.1
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5.5
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5.7
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6.1
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8.6
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(NA)
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(NA)
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47.4
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49.3
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52.0
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53.2
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53.5
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53.1
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52.4
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52.8
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52.1
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52.9
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52.6
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53.4
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55.1
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55.6
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55.9
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57.9
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Male
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51.2
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56.3
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61.5
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64.4
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66.2
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66.9
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67.8
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69.0
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69.2
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70.0
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70.4
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70.8
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71.4
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72.1
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73.3
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74.0
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74.5
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81.1
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79.7
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77.9
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77.4
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76.3
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76.2
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76.2
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76.4
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76.4
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75.8
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75.8
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75.4
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75.1
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75.0
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74.9
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75.0
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74.9
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74.7
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73.7
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16 to 19 years
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4.0
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4.8
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5.0
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4.1
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4.1
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4.2
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4.1
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4.1
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3.8
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3.8
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3.8
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3.9
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4.0
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4.0
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4.1
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4.2
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4.3
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4.8
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56.1
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59.1
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60.5
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56.8
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56.1
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56.90
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57.9
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55.7
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53.2
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53.4
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53.2
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54.1
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54.8
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53.2
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52.3
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53.3
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52.9
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52.9
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16 and 17 years
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1.8
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2.1
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2.1
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1.7
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1.7
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1.7
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1.6
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1.5
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1.5
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1.5
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1.5
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1.6
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1.7
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1.7
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1.7
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1.7
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1.7
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1.9
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47.0
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48.6
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50.1
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45.1
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45.6
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46.1
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46.3
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43.5
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40.9
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41.0
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41.6
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43.8
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44.0
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42.1
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41.4
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42.6
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41.8
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42.4
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18 and 19 years
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2.2
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2.7
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2.9
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2.5
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2.4
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2.4
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2.5
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2.6
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2.3
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2.3
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2.3
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2.3
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2.4
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2.4
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2.4
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2.5
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2.6
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2.8
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66.7
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70.6
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71.3
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68.9
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67.4
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68.1
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69.2
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67.1
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65.3
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66.0
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65.1
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65.0
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66.3
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65.3
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63.9
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64.4
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64.3
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63.9
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20 to 24 years
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5.7
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7.6
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8.6
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8.3
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7.8
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7.6
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7.5
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7.9
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7.8
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7.8
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7.7
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7.5
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7.3
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7.1
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7.2
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7.2
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7.3
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8.3
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83.3
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84.5
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85.9
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85.0
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85.2
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85.0
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85.3
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84.4
|
83.5
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83.3
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83.2
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83.1
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83.1
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82.5
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82.5
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82.0
|
81.9
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81.4
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25 to 34 years
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11.3
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14.2
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17.0
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18.8
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19.7
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19.7
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19.9
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19.9
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19.6
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19.5
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19.2
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18.9
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18.7
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18.4
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18.1
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17.8
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17.3
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17.1
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96.4
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95.2
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95.2
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94.7
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94.6
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94.3
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94.4
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94.1
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93.6
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93.8
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93.4
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92.6
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93.0
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93.2
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93.0
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93.2
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93.3
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93.2
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35 to 44 years
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10.5
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10.4
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11.8
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14.5
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15.6
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16.1
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16.6
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17.5
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18.1
|
18.3
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18.7
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19.0
|
19.2
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19.6
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20.1
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20.2
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20.4
|
18.3
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96.9
|
95.6
|
95.5
|
95.0
|
94.6
|
94.5
|
94.5
|
94.3
|
94.1
|
93.7
|
93.4
|
92.8
|
92.3
|
92.4
|
92.6
|
92.6
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92.8
|
92.3
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45 to 54 years
|
10.4
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10.4
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9.9
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9.9
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10.2
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10.6
|
10.9
|
11.1
|
11.4
|
12.0
|
12.6
|
13.0
|
13.4
|
14.0
|
14.6
|
15.0
|
15.4
|
19.0
|
94.3
|
92.1
|
91.2
|
91.0
|
90.7
|
90.9
|
91.1
|
90.7
|
90.5
|
90.7
|
90.1
|
89.1
|
88.8
|
89.1
|
89.5
|
89.2
|
88.8
|
88.8
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55 to 64 years
|
7.1
|
7.0
|
7.2
|
7.1
|
6.9
|
6.8
|
6.8
|
6.6
|
6.6
|
6.6
|
6.5
|
6.4
|
6.5
|
6.7
|
7.0
|
7.3
|
7.5
|
10.8
|
83.0
|
75.6
|
72.1
|
67.9
|
67.6
|
67.0
|
67.2
|
67.8
|
67.0
|
67.0
|
66.5
|
65.5
|
66.0
|
67.0
|
67.6
|
68.1
|
67.9
|
69.4
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65 years and over
|
2.2
|
1.9
|
1.9
|
1.8
|
1.9
|
2.0
|
2.0
|
2.0
|
1.9
|
2.0
|
2.0
|
2.2
|
2.2
|
2.2
|
2.3
|
2.2
|
2.3
|
2.8
|
26.8
|
21.6
|
19.0
|
15.8
|
16.3
|
16.5
|
16.6
|
16.3
|
15.7
|
16.1
|
15.6
|
16.8
|
16.8
|
16.9
|
17.1
|
16.5
|
16.9
|
17.8
|
|
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Female
|
31.5
|
37.5
|
45.5
|
51.1
|
53.7
|
54.7
|
56.0
|
56.8
|
57.2
|
58.1
|
58.8
|
60.2
|
60.9
|
61.9
|
63.0
|
63.7
|
64.9
|
73.4
|
43.3
|
46.3
|
51.5
|
54.5
|
56.0
|
56.6
|
57.4
|
57.5
|
57.4
|
57.8
|
57.9
|
58.8
|
58.9
|
59.3
|
59.8
|
59.8
|
60.0
|
61.9
|
|
|
16 to 19 years
|
3.2
|
4.1
|
4.4
|
3.8
|
3.9
|
3.9
|
3.8
|
3.7
|
3.5
|
3.3
|
3.4
|
3.6
|
3.7
|
3.8
|
3.8
|
4.0
|
4.0
|
4.6
|
44.0
|
49.1
|
52.9
|
52.1
|
53.3
|
53.6
|
53.9
|
51.6
|
50.0
|
49.1
|
49.7
|
51.3
|
52.2
|
51.3
|
51.0
|
52.3
|
51.0
|
52.4
|
|
|
16 and 17 years
|
1.3
|
1.7
|
1.8
|
1.5
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
1.5
|
1.4
|
1.3
|
1.3
|
1.3
|
1.5
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
1.8
|
34.9
|
40.2
|
43.6
|
42.1
|
44.6
|
44.0
|
44.5
|
41.7
|
39.9
|
39.1
|
39.1
|
42.6
|
43.1
|
42.9
|
41.0
|
41.9
|
41.0
|
41.0
|
|
|
18 and 19 years
|
1.9
|
2.4
|
2.6
|
2.3
|
2.2
|
2.3
|
2.3
|
2.3
|
2.1
|
2.0
|
2.1
|
2.1
|
2.2
|
2.2
|
2.3
|
2.4
|
2.4
|
2.8
|
53.6
|
58.1
|
61.9
|
61.7
|
62.2
|
62.9
|
62.5
|
60.3
|
59.5
|
58.8
|
60.2
|
60.0
|
61.5
|
59.9
|
61.2
|
62.6
|
60.9
|
63.9
|
|
|
20 to 24 years
|
4.9
|
6.2
|
7.3
|
7.4
|
7.1
|
6.9
|
6.7
|
6.8
|
6.7
|
6.8
|
6.7
|
6.6
|
6.3
|
6.3
|
6.3
|
6.4
|
6.6
|
7.5
|
57.7
|
64.1
|
68.9
|
71.8
|
73.0
|
72.7
|
72.4
|
71.3
|
70.1
|
70.9
|
70.9
|
71.0
|
70.3
|
71.3
|
72.7
|
73.0
|
73.2
|
74.6
|
|
|
25 to 34 years
|
5.7
|
8.7
|
12.3
|
14.7
|
15.6
|
15.8
|
16.0
|
16.1
|
15.9
|
15.9
|
15.6
|
15.5
|
15.5
|
15.4
|
15.3
|
15.0
|
14.8
|
15.3
|
45.0
|
54.9
|
65.5
|
70.9
|
72.4
|
72.7
|
73.5
|
73.5
|
73.1
|
73.9
|
73.4
|
74.0
|
74.9
|
75.2
|
76.0
|
76.3
|
76.4
|
79.0
|
|
|
35 to 44 years
|
6.0
|
6.5
|
8.6
|
11.6
|
12.9
|
13.4
|
14.0
|
14.7
|
15.2
|
15.6
|
15.8
|
16.3
|
16.6
|
17.0
|
17.3
|
17.3
|
17.5
|
16.6
|
51.1
|
55.8
|
65.5
|
71.8
|
74.5
|
75.2
|
76.0
|
76.4
|
76.5
|
76.7
|
76.6
|
77.1
|
77.2
|
77.5
|
77.7
|
77.1
|
77.2
|
80.0
|
|
|
45 to 54 years
|
6.5
|
6.7
|
7.0
|
7.5
|
8.0
|
8.5
|
9.0
|
9.1
|
9.5
|
10.1
|
10.7
|
11.4
|
11.8
|
12.4
|
13.0
|
13.4
|
14.0
|
17.8
|
54.4
|
54.6
|
59.9
|
64.4
|
67.1
|
69.0
|
70.5
|
71.2
|
72.0
|
72.6
|
73.5
|
74.6
|
74.4
|
75.4
|
76.0
|
76.2
|
76.7
|
80.0
|
|
|
55 to 64 years
|
4.2
|
4.3
|
4.7
|
4.9
|
4.9
|
5.0
|
5.1
|
4.9
|
4.9
|
5.0
|
5.1
|
5.3
|
5.4
|
5.5
|
5.7
|
6.0
|
6.2
|
9.8
|
43.0
|
40.9
|
41.3
|
42.0
|
42.7
|
43.5
|
45.0
|
45.2
|
45.2
|
46.5
|
47.2
|
48.9
|
49.2
|
49.6
|
50.9
|
51.2
|
51.5
|
57.7
|
|
|
65 years and over
|
1.1
|
1.0
|
1.2
|
1.2
|
1.2
|
1.3
|
1.4
|
1.5
|
1.5
|
1.5
|
1.5
|
1.7
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
1.7
|
1.9
|
9.7
|
8.2
|
8.1
|
7.3
|
7.4
|
7.9
|
8.4
|
8.6
|
8.5
|
8.3
|
8.1
|
9.2
|
8.8
|
8.6
|
8.6
|
8.6
|
8.9
|
9.1
|
|
NA Not available.
1 See footnote 2, Table 643.
2 Beginning 1975, includes other races, not shown separately.
3 For 1970, Black and other.
4 Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics,Employment and Earnings, monthly, January issues; Monthly Labor Review, November 1999; and unpublished data.
http://stats.bls.gov/newsrels.htm
https://allcountries.org/uscensus/644_civilian_labor_force_and_participation_rates.html
These tables are based on figures supplied by the United States Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce and are subject to revision by the Census Bureau.
Copyright © 2019 Photius Coutsoukis and Information Technology Associates, all rights reserved.
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