NA Not available.
1 Represents actions sucha s requiring the violator to comply with Federal environmentalstandards, suspending the violator's permit to discharge, and/or assessing a penalty fornoncompliance.
2 Represents filing by U.S. attorneys in U.S. district court only. Statistics describingadministrative actions for wildlife and conservation offenses were not available.
3 Criminal actions include only those offenses classified as felonies or Class A misdemeanors.
4 Includes Endangered Species Act, Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act, Migratory Bird Treaty Act, and Lacey Act.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, Federal Enforcement of Environmental Laws, 1997,series NCJ 175686, November 1999.

http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/stssent.htm*Numerous Federal laws have been enacted to protect theenvironment and wildlife. In this report, this collection ofenvironmental laws comprises (1) environmental protection lawsthat protect the safety and well-being of communities fromexcessive and unnecessary emission of environmental pollutantsand (2) wildlife laws that protect endangered or threatenedspecies as well as migratory birds.

Federal Environmental and Wildlife Protection Acts

Environmental protection acts

Clean Air Act -- to prevent the deterioration of air quality. (42 U.S.C. Sec.s 7401-7491)

Clear Water Act -- to regulate the sources of water pollution. (33 U.S.C. Sec.s 1251-1376)

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and

Liability (CERCLA) -- to address the problem of abandoned hazardous waste sites. (42 U.S.C. Sec.s 9601-9675)

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) -- to protect human health and the environment from dangers associated with waste management. (42 U.S.C. Sec.s 6901-6992)

Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)--TO REGULATE CHEMICAL substances in which the public orenvironment may become exposed.(15 U.S.C. Sec.s 2601-2671)

Act to Prevent Pollution by Ships (APPS)--TO ADDRESS THE DISCHARGE of harmful substances into the oceans. (33 U.S.C. Sec.s 1901-1950)

Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA) -- toprotect the environment from pollu-tion. (42 U.S.C. Sec.s 11001-11050)

Wildlife acts

Endangered Species Act (ESA) -- to conserve the various species of fish, wildlife, and plants facing extinc-tion. (16 U.S.C. Sec.s 1531(b))

Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGEPA)--TO PROVIDE A PROGRAM FOR the conservation of bald and golden eagles. (16 U.S.C. Sec.s 668)

Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) --to protect migratory birds during their nesting season. (16 U.S.C. Sec.s 707)

Lacey Act -- to control the trade in of exotic fish, wildlife, and plants into the United States. (16 U.S.C. Sec.s 3372)

*