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Chad Geography 2018

SOURCE: 2018 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK AND OTHER SOURCES











Chad Geography 2018
SOURCE: 2018 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK AND OTHER SOURCES


Page last updated on February 28, 2018

Location:
Central Africa, south of Libya

Geographic coordinates:
15 00 N, 19 00 E

Map references:
Africa

Area:
total: 1.284 million sq km
[see also: Area - total country ranks ]
land: 1,259,200 sq km
[see also: Area - land country ranks ]
water: 24,800 sq km
[see also: Area - water country ranks ]
country comparison to the world: 22

Area - comparative:
almost nine times the size of New York state; slightly more than three times the size of California

Land boundaries:
total: 6,406 km
[see also: Land boundaries - total country ranks ]
border countries (6): Cameroon 1,116 km, Central African Republic 1,556 km, Libya 1,050 km, Niger 1,196 km, Nigeria 85 km, Sudan 1,403 km

Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
[see also: Coastline country ranks ]

Maritime claims:
none (landlocked)

Climate:
tropical in south, desert in north
More Climate Details

Terrain:
broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south

Elevation:
mean elevation: 543 m
[see also: Elevation - mean elevation country ranks ]
elevation extremes: lowest point: Djourab 160 m highest point: Emi Koussi 3,445 m

Natural resources:
petroleum, uranium, natron, kaolin, fish (Lake Chad), gold, limestone, sand and gravel, salt

Land use:
agricultural land: 39.6% arable land 3.9%; permanent crops 0%; permanent pasture 35.7%
[see also: Land use - agricultural land country ranks ]
forest: 9.1%
[see also: Land use - forest country ranks ]
other: 51.3% (2011 est.)
[see also: Land use - other country ranks ]

Irrigated land:
300 sq km (2012)
[see also: Irrigated land country ranks ]

Population - distribution:
the population is unevenly distributed due to contrasts in climate and physical geography; the highest density is found in the southwest, particularly around Lake Chad and points south; the dry Saharan zone to the north is the least densely populated

Natural hazards:
hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts; locust plagues

Environment - current issues:
inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in rural areas contributes to soil and water pollution; desertification

Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping

Geography - note:
note 1: Chad is the largest of Africa's 16 landlocked countries
note 2: not long ago - geologically speaking - what is today the Sahara was green savannah teeming with wildlife; during the African Humid Period, roughly 11,000 to 5,000 years ago, a vibrant animal community, including elephants, giraffes, hippos, and antelope lived there; the last remnant of the "Green Sahara" exists in the Lakes of Ounianga (oo-nee-ahn-ga) in northern Chad, a series of 18 interconnected freshwater, saline, and hypersaline lakes now protected as a World Heritage site
note 3: Lake Chad, the most significant water body in the Sahel, is a remnant of a former inland sea, paleolake Mega-Chad; at its greatest extent, sometime before 5000 B.C., Lake Mega-Chad was the largest of four Saharan paleolakes that existed during the African Humid Period; it covered an area of about 400,000 sq km (150,000 sq mi), roughly the size of today's Caspian Sea


NOTE: 1) The information regarding Chad on this page is re-published from the 2018 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Chad Geography 2018 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Chad Geography 2018 should be addressed to the CIA.
2) The rank that you see is the CIA reported rank, which may habe the following issues:
  a) The assign increasing rank number, alphabetically for countries with the same value of the ranked item, whereas we assign them the same rank.
  b) The CIA sometimes assignes counterintuitive ranks. For example, it assigns unemployment rates in increasing order, whereas we rank them in decreasing order






This page was last modified 28-Feb-18
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