Location:
Central Asia, west of China, south of Kyrgyzstan

Geographic coordinates:
39 00 N, 71 00 E

Map references:
Asia

Area:
total: 144,100 sq km
[see also: Area - total country ranks ]
land: 141,510 sq km
[see also: Area - land country ranks ]
water: 2,590 sq km
[see also: Area - water country ranks ]
country comparison to the world: 96

Area - comparative:
slightly smaller than Wisconsin

Land boundaries:
total: 4,130 km
border countries (4): Afghanistan 1,357 km, China 477 km, Kyrgyzstan 984 km, Uzbekistan 1,312 km
[see also: Land boundaries country ranks ]

Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
[see also: Coastline country ranks ]

Maritime claims:
none (landlocked)

Climate:
mid-latitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains

Terrain:
Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest

Elevation:
mean elevation:
[see also: Mean Elevation country ranks ]
elevation extremes:
lowest point: Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m
highest point: Qullai Ismoili Somoni 7,495 m

Natural resources:
hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold

Land use:
agricultural land: 34.7% arable land 6.1%; permanent crops 0.9%; permanent pasture 27.7%
[see also: Land use - agricultural land country ranks ]
forest: 2.9%
[see also: Land use - forest country ranks ]
other: 62.4% (2011 est.)
[see also: Land use - other country ranks ]

Irrigated land:
7,421 sq km (2009)
[see also: Irrigated land country ranks ]

Total renewable water resources:
21.91 cu km (2011)
[see also: Total renewable water resources country ranks ]

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
total: 11.49 cu km/yr (6%/4%/91%)
per capita: 1,740 cu m/yr (2006)

Natural hazards:
earthquakes; floods

Environment - current issues:
inadequate sanitation facilities; increasing levels of soil salinity; industrial pollution; excessive pesticides

Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geography - note:
landlocked; mountainous region dominated by the Trans-Alay Range in the north and the Pamirs in the southeast; highest point, Qullai Ismoili Somoni (formerly Communism Peak), was the tallest mountain in the former USSR