Economy - overview:
Tajikistan is a poor, mountainous country with an economy dominated by minerals extraction, metals processing, agriculture, and reliance on remittances from citizens working abroad. The 1992-97 civil war severely damaged an already weak economic infrastructure and caused a sharp decline in industrial and agricultural production, and today, Tajikistan has one of the lowest per capita GDPs among the 15 former Soviet republics. Less than 7% of the land area is arable and cotton is the most important crop. Tajikistan imports approximately 60% of its food. Mineral resources include silver, gold, uranium, and tungsten. Industry consists mainly of small obsolete factories in food processing and light industry, substantial hydropower facilities, and a large aluminum plant - currently operating well below its capacity. Because of a lack of employment opportunities in Tajikistan, more than one million Tajik citizens work abroad - roughly 90% in Russia - supporting families back home through remittances that have been equivalent to nearly 50% of GDP. Some experts estimate the value of narcotics transiting Tajikistan is equivalent to 30-50% of GDP. Since the end of the Tajikistani Civil War in 1997, the country has pursued half-hearted reforms and privatizations, but the poor business climate remains a hurdle to attracting investment. Tajikistan has sought to develop its substantial hydroelectricity potential through partnership with Russian and Iranian investors, and is pursuing completion of the Roghun dam - which, if built according to plan, would be the tallest dam in the world. However, the project will take at least 8 to 11 years to construct, and faces financing shortfalls and opposition from downstream Uzbekistan.Recent slowdowns in the Russian and Chinese economies, low commodity prices, and currency fluctuations are hampering economic growth in Tajikistan. By some estimates, the dollar value of remittances from Russia to Tajikistan dropped by more than 40% in 2014. The government faces challenges financing the public debt, which is equivalent to 35% of GDP, and the National Bank of Tajikistan has aggressively spent down reserves to bolster the weakening somoni, leaving little space for fiscal or monetary measures to counter any additional economic shocks.

GDP (purchasing power parity):
$23.3 billion (2015 est.) $22.62 billion (2014 est.) $21.2 billion (2013 est.)
note: data are in 2015 US dollars
country comparison to the world: 139
[see also: GDP country ranks ]

GDP (official exchange rate):
$8.045 billion (2015 est.)
[see also: GDP (official exchange rate) country ranks ]

GDP - real growth rate:
3% (2015 est.) 6.7% (2014 est.) 7.4% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
[see also: GDP - real growth rate country ranks ]

GDP - per capita (PPP):
$2,800 (2015 est.) $2,700 (2014 est.) $2,600 (2013 est.)
note: data are in 2015 US dollars
country comparison to the world: 191
[see also: GDP - per capita country ranks ]

Gross national saving:
5.5% of GDP (2015 est.) 5.3% of GDP (2014 est.) 12.2% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 164
[see also: Gross national saving country ranks ]

GDP - composition, by end use:
household consumption: 116.9%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - household consumption country ranks ]
government consumption: 12.6%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - government consumption country ranks ]
investment in fixed capital: 13.9%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - investment in fixed capital country ranks ]
investment in inventories: 3.4%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - investment in inventories country ranks ]
exports of goods and services: 17.2%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - exports of goods and services country ranks ]
imports of goods and services: -64% (2015 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - imports of goods and services country ranks ]

GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
agriculture: 25.7%
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 17.3%
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - industry country ranks ]
services: 57% (2015 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - services country ranks ]

Agriculture - products:
cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats

Industries:
aluminum, cement, vegetable oil

Industrial production growth rate:
2% (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 119
[see also: Industrial production growth rate country ranks ]

Labor force:
2.209 million (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 120
[see also: Labor force country ranks ]

Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 46.5%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 10.7%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - industry country ranks ]
services: 42.8% (2013 est.)
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - services country ranks ]

Unemployment rate:
2.5% (2013 est.) 2.5% (2012 est.)
note: official rates; actual unemployment is much higher
country comparison to the world: 17
[see also: Unemployment rate country ranks ]

Population below poverty line:
35.6% (2013 est.)
[see also: Population below poverty line country ranks ]

Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: NA%
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10% country ranks ]
highest 10%: NA% (2009 est.)
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - highest 10% country ranks ]

Distribution of family income - Gini index:
32.6 (2006) 34.7 (1998)
country comparison to the world: 107
[see also: Distribution of family income - Gini index country ranks ]

Budget:
revenues: $2.432 billion
[see also: Budget revenues country ranks ]
expenditures: $2.481 billion (2015 est.)
[see also: Budget expenditures country ranks ]

Taxes and other revenues:
30.2% of GDP (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 83
[see also: Taxes and other revenues country ranks ]

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-0.6% of GDP (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 46
[see also: Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) country ranks ]

Public debt:
6.5% of GDP (2013 est.) NA%
country comparison to the world: 175
[see also: Public debt country ranks ]

Fiscal year:
calendar year

Inflation rate (consumer prices):
8.9% (2015 est.) 6.1% (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 203
[see also: Inflation rate (consumer prices) country ranks ]

Central bank discount rate:
4.8% (31 December 2013) 6.5% (31 December 2012)
country comparison to the world: 79
[see also: Central bank discount rate country ranks ]

Commercial bank prime lending rate:
22% (31 December 2015 est.) 21.62% (31 December 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 10
[see also: Commercial bank prime lending rate country ranks ]

Stock of narrow money:
$1.28 billion (31 December 2015 est.) $1.42 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 145
[see also: Stock of narrow money country ranks ]

Stock of broad money:
$2.085 billion (31 December 2014 est.) $1.778 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152
[see also: Stock of broad money country ranks ]

Stock of domestic credit:
$1.135 billion (31 December 2015 est.) $1.338 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
[see also: Stock of domestic credit country ranks ]

Market value of publicly traded shares:
$NA $NA $NA
[see also: Market value of publicly traded shares country ranks ]

Current account balance:
-$604 million (2015 est.) -$853 million (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 103
[see also: Current account balance country ranks ]

Exports:
$555.6 million (2015 est.) $526.8 million (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 170
[see also: Exports country ranks ]

Exports - commodities:
aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles

Exports - partners:
Turkey 23.2%, Iran 13%, Afghanistan 10.7%, Kazakhstan 10.5%, Italy 8.5%, Bangladesh 7.4%, China 6.9%, Russia 5.4% (2014)

Imports:
$3.162 billion (2015 est.) $4.509 billion (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 142
[see also: Imports country ranks ]

Imports - commodities:
petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs

Imports - partners:
China 46.6%, Russia 16.8%, Kazakhstan 10.5%, Turkey 5.2% (2014)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$430.3 million (31 December 2015 est.) $502.8 million (31 December 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 153
[see also: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold country ranks ]

Debt - external:
$3.612 billion (31 December 2014 est.) $3.538 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139
[see also: Debt - external country ranks ]

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$2.272 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 107
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - at home country ranks ]

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$NA $16.3 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad country ranks ]

Exchange rates:
Tajikistani somoni (TJS) per US dollar - 6.21 (2015 est.) 4.93 (2014 est.) 4.93 (2013 est.) 4.76 (2012 est.) 4.61 (2011 est.)