Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio: 52.7
[see also: Dependency ratios - total dependency ratio country ranks ]
youth dependency ratio: 46.5
[see also: Dependency ratios - youth dependency ratio country ranks ]
elderly dependency ratio: 6.2
[see also: Dependency ratios - elderly dependency ratio country ranks ]
potential support ratio: 16.1 (2015 est.)
[see also: Dependency ratios - potential support ratio country ranks ]

Median age:
total: 27.9 years
[see also: Median age - total country ranks ]
male: 27.5 years
[see also: Median age - male country ranks ]
female: 28.4 years (2017 est.)
[see also: Median age - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world: 140

Population growth rate:
1.12% (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 102
[see also: Population growth rate country ranks ]

Birth rate:
19.1 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 86
[see also: Birth rate country ranks ]

Death rate:
6.1 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 160
[see also: Death rate country ranks ]

Net migration rate:
-1.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 154
[see also: Net migration rate country ranks ]

Population distribution:
the most densely populated areas are the southern, eastern, and northeastern oases; approximately 50% of the population lives in and around the capital of Ashgabat

Urbanization:
urban population: 50.8% of total population (2017)
[see also: Urbanization - urban population country ranks ]
rate of urbanization: 1.87% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
[see also: Urbanization - rate of urbanization country ranks ]

Major urban areas - population:
ASHGABAT (capital) 746,000 (2015)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - at birth country ranks ]
0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - 0-14 years country ranks ]
15-24 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - 15-24 years country ranks ]
25-54 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - 25-54 years country ranks ]
55-64 years: 0.89 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - 55-64 years country ranks ]
65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - 65 years and over country ranks ]
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - total population country ranks ]

Mother's mean age at first birth:
24.6 years (2006 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio:
42 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 104
[see also: Maternal mortality ratio country ranks ]

Infant mortality rate:
total: 34.3 deaths/1,000 live births
[see also: Infant mortality rate - total country ranks ]
male: 41.2 deaths/1,000 live births
[see also: Infant mortality rate - male country ranks ]
female: 27 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.)
[see also: Infant mortality rate - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world: 56

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 70.4 years
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - total population country ranks ]
male: 67.4 years
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - male country ranks ]
female: 73.6 years (2017 est.)
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world: 159
[See also: Healthy Life Expectancy ]
[See also: Health Performance ]

Total fertility rate:
2.07 children born/woman (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 110
[see also: Total fertility rate country ranks ]

Contraceptive prevalence rate:
50.2% (2015/16)
[see also: Contraceptive prevalence rate country ranks ]

Health expenditures:
2.1% of GDP (2014)
country comparison to the world: 190
[see also: Health expenditures country ranks ]

Physicians density:
2.29 physicians/1,000 population (2014)
[see also: Physicians density country ranks ]

Hospital bed density:
4 beds/1,000 population (2012)
[see also: Hospital bed density country ranks ]

Drinking water source:
improved: urban: 89.1% of population rural: 53.7% of population total: 71.1% of population
unimproved: urban: 10.9% of population rural: 46.3% of population total: 28.9% of population (2012 est.)

Sanitation facility access:
improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 98.2% of population total: 99.1% of population
unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 1.8% of population total: 0.9% of population (2012 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
NA
[see also: HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate country ranks ]

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
NA
[see also: HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS country ranks ]

HIV/AIDS - deaths:
NA
[see also: HIV/AIDS - deaths country ranks ]

Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
18.6% (2016)
country comparison to the world: 117
[see also: Obesity - adult prevalence rate country ranks ]

Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
3.2% (2015)
country comparison to the world: 68
[see also: Children under the age of 5 years underweight country ranks ]

Education expenditures:
3% of GDP (2012)

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99.7%
[see also: Literacy - total population country ranks ]
male: 99.8%
[see also: Literacy - male country ranks ]
female: 99.6% (2015 est.)
[see also: Literacy - female country ranks ]

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 11 years
[see also: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - total country ranks ]
male: 11 years
[see also: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - male country ranks ]
female: 11 years (2014)