Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio: 49.6
[see also: Dependency ratios - total dependency ratio country ranks ]
youth dependency ratio: 27.9
[see also: Dependency ratios - youth dependency ratio country ranks ]
elderly dependency ratio: 21.7
[see also: Dependency ratios - elderly dependency ratio country ranks ]
potential support ratio: 4.6 (2015 est.)
[see also: Dependency ratios - potential support ratio country ranks ]

Median age:
total: 41.5 years
[see also: Median age - total country ranks ]
male: 39.5 years
[see also: Median age - male country ranks ]
female: 43.2 years (2017 est.)
[see also: Median age - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world: 38

Population growth rate:
-1.74% (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 233
[see also: Population growth rate country ranks ]

Birth rate:
8.1 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 222
[see also: Birth rate country ranks ]

Death rate:
8.6 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 76
[see also: Death rate country ranks ]

Net migration rate:
-16.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 217
[see also: Net migration rate country ranks ]

Population distribution:
population clusters tend to be found along the coast, the largest of these is found in and around San Juan; an exception to this is a sizeable population located in the interior of the island immediately south of the capital around Caguas; most of the interior, particularly in the western half of the island, is dominated by the Cordillera Central mountains, where population density is low

Urbanization:
urban population: 93.5% of total population (2017)
[see also: Urbanization - urban population country ranks ]
rate of urbanization: -0.03% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
[see also: Urbanization - rate of urbanization country ranks ]

Major urban areas - population:
SAN JUAN (capital) 2.463 million (2015)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - at birth country ranks ]
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - 0-14 years country ranks ]
15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - 15-24 years country ranks ]
25-54 years: 0.92 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - 25-54 years country ranks ]
55-64 years: 0.83 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - 55-64 years country ranks ]
65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - 65 years and over country ranks ]
total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - total population country ranks ]

Maternal mortality ratio:
14 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139
[see also: Maternal mortality ratio country ranks ]

Infant mortality rate:
total: 6.4 deaths/1,000 live births
[see also: Infant mortality rate - total country ranks ]
male: 7 deaths/1,000 live births
[see also: Infant mortality rate - male country ranks ]
female: 5.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.)
[see also: Infant mortality rate - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world: 166

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 80.9 years
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - total population country ranks ]
male: 77.6 years
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - male country ranks ]
female: 84.4 years (2017 est.)
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world: 32
[See also: Healthy Life Expectancy ]
[See also: Health Performance ]

Total fertility rate:
1.22 children born/woman (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 220
[see also: Total fertility rate country ranks ]

Drinking water source:
improved: urban: 93.6% of population rural: 93.6% of population total: 93.6% of population
unimproved: urban: 6.4% of population rural: 6.4% of population total: 6.4% of population (2001 est.)

Sanitation facility access:
improved: urban: 99.3% of population rural: 99.3% of population total: 99.3% of population
unimproved: urban: 0.7% of population rural: 0.7% of population total: 0.7% of population (2015 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
NA
[see also: HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate country ranks ]

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
NA
[see also: HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS country ranks ]

HIV/AIDS - deaths:
NA
[see also: HIV/AIDS - deaths country ranks ]

Major infectious diseases:
note: active local transmission of Zika virus by Aedes species mosquitoes has been identified in this country (as of August 2016); it poses an important risk (a large number of cases possible) among US citizens if bitten by an infective mosquito; other less common ways to get Zika are through sex, via blood transfusion, or during pregnancy, in which the pregnant woman passes Zika virus to her fetus (2016)

Education expenditures:
6.4% of GDP (2013)

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 93.3%
[see also: Literacy - total population country ranks ]
male: 92.8%
[see also: Literacy - male country ranks ]
female: 93.8% (2015 est.)
[see also: Literacy - female country ranks ]

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 14 years
[see also: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - total country ranks ]
male: 13 years
[see also: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - male country ranks ]
female: 15 years (2014)
[see also: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - female country ranks ]

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24
total: 26.6%
[see also: Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 - total country ranks ]
male: 28.9%
[see also: Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 - male country ranks ]
female: 23.1% (2012 est.)
[see also: Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world: 44