Economy - overview:
Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics, in exchange for raw materials and energy. Armenia has since switched to small-scale agriculture and away from the large agro industrial complexes of the Soviet era. Armenia has only two open trade borders - Iran and Georgia - because its borders with Azerbaijan and Turkey have been closed since 1991 and 1993, respectively, as a result of Armenia's ongoing conflict with Azerbaijan over the separatist Nagorno-Karabakh region.Armenia joined the World Trade Organization in January 2003. The government has made some improvements in tax and customs administration in recent years, but anti-corruption measures have been largely ineffective. Armenia will need to pursue additional economic reforms and strengthen the rule of law in order to raise its economic growth and improve economic competitiveness and employment opportunities, especially given its economic isolation from Turkey and Azerbaijan.Armenia's geographic isolation, a narrow export base, and pervasive monopolies in important business sectors have made it particularly vulnerable to volatility in the global commodity markets and the economic challenges in Russia. Armenia is particularly dependent on Russian commercial and governmental support, as most key Armenian infrastructure is Russian-owned and/or managed, especially in the energy sector. Remittances from expatriates working in Russia are equivalent to about 12-14% of GDP. Armenia joined the Russia-led Eurasian Economic Union in January 2015, but has remained interested in pursuing closer ties with the EU as well, signing Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement with the EU in November 2017. Armenia’s rising government debt is leading Yerevan to tighten its fiscal policies – the amount is approaching the debt to GDP ratio threshold set by national legislation.
GDP (purchasing power parity): GDP (official exchange rate): GDP - real growth rate: GDP - per capita (PPP): Gross national saving: GDP - composition, by end use: GDP - composition, by sector of origin: Agriculture - products: Industries: Industrial production growth rate: Labor force: Labor force - by occupation: Unemployment rate: Population below poverty line: Household income or consumption by percentage share: Distribution of family income - Gini index: Budget: Taxes and other revenues: Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): Public debt: Fiscal year: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Central bank discount rate: Commercial bank prime lending rate: Stock of narrow money: Stock of broad money: Stock of domestic credit: Market value of publicly traded shares: Current account balance: Exports: Exports - commodities: Exports - partners: Imports: Imports - commodities: Imports - partners: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Debt - external: Stock of direct foreign investment - at home: Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad: Exchange rates:
$27.21 billion (2017 est.)
$26.28 billion (2016 est.)
$26.23 billion (2015 est.)
note: data are in 2017 dollars
country comparison to the world: 138
$11.04 billion (2016 est.)
[see also: GDP (official exchange rate) country ranks ]
3.5% (2017 est.)
0.2% (2016 est.)
3.3% (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 94
[see also: GDP - real growth rate country ranks ]
$9,100 (2017 est.)
$8,800 (2016 est.)
$8,800 (2015 est.)
note: data are in 2017 dollars
country comparison to the world: 144
17.4% of GDP (2017 est.)
17% of GDP (2016 est.)
18.4% of GDP (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 106
[see also: Gross national saving country ranks ]
household consumption: 76.6%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - household consumption country ranks ]
government consumption: 13.1%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - government consumption country ranks ]
investment in fixed capital: 17.9%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - investment in fixed capital country ranks ]
investment in inventories: 3%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - investment in inventories country ranks ]
exports of goods and services: 37.3%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - exports of goods and services country ranks ]
imports of goods and services: -47.9% (2017 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - imports of goods and services country ranks ]
agriculture: 17.7%
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 27.8%
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - industry country ranks ]
services: 54.5% (2017 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - services country ranks ]
fruit (especially grapes and apricots), vegetables; livestock
brandy, mining, diamond processing, metal-cutting machine tools, forging and pressing machines, electric motors, knitted wear, hosiery, shoes, silk fabric, chemicals, trucks, instruments, microelectronics, jewelry, software, food processing
5% (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 46
[see also: Industrial production growth rate country ranks ]
1.507 million (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 132
[see also: Labor force country ranks ]
agriculture: 36.3%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 17%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - industry country ranks ]
services: 46.7% (2013 est.)
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - services country ranks ]
18.9% (2017 est.)
18.8% (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 181
[see also: Unemployment rate country ranks ]
32% (2013 est.)
[see also: Population below poverty line country ranks ]
lowest 10%: 3.5%
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10% country ranks ]
highest 10%: 25.7% (2014)
31.5 (2014)
31.5 (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 118
[see also: Distribution of family income - Gini index country ranks ]
revenues: $2.536 billion
[see also: Budget - revenues country ranks ]
expenditures: $2.91 billion (2017 est.)
[see also: Budget - expenditures country ranks ]
23% of GDP (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 129
[see also: Taxes and other revenues country ranks ]
-3.4% of GDP (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 128
[see also: Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) country ranks ]
56.7% of GDP (2017 est.)
56.5% of GDP (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 83
[see also: Public debt country ranks ]
calendar year
1.9% (2017 est.)
-1.4% (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 85
[see also: Inflation rate (consumer prices) country ranks ]
6.5% (14 December 2016)
10.5% (10 February 2015)
note: this is the Refinancing Rate, the key monetary policy instrument of the Armenian National Bank
country comparison to the world: 61
[see also: Central bank discount rate country ranks ]
16% (31 December 2017 est.)
17.36% (31 December 2016 est.)
note: average lending rate on loans up to one year
country comparison to the world: 34
[see also: Commercial bank prime lending rate country ranks ]
$1.514 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$1.355 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 143
[see also: Stock of narrow money country ranks ]
$2.563 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$2.219 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 145
[see also: Stock of broad money country ranks ]
$6.616 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$5.689 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 120
[see also: Stock of domestic credit country ranks ]
$132.1 million (31 December 2012 est.)
$139.6 million (31 December 2011 est.)
$144.8 million (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 121
[see also: Market value of publicly traded shares country ranks ]
-$398 million (2017 est.)
-$238 million (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 100
[see also: Current account balance country ranks ]
$2.233 billion (2017 est.)
$1.891 billion (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 137
[see also: Exports country ranks ]
unwrought copper, pig iron, nonferrous metals, gold, diamonds, mineral products, foodstuffs, brandy, cigarettes, energy
Russia 21%, Bulgaria 8.7%, Georgia 8.1%, Canada 7.9%, Germany 7.9%, Iraq 7.8%, China 5.7%, Iran 4.2%, Switzerland 4.2% (2016)
$3.361 billion (2017 est.)
$2.835 billion (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139
[see also: Imports country ranks ]
natural gas, petroleum, tobacco products, foodstuffs, diamonds, pharmaceuticals, cars
Russia 30.7%, China 11%, Iran 5.1%, Turkey 5%, Germany 5% (2016)
$2.242 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$2.204 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 116
[see also: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold country ranks ]
$9.17 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$8.987 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 117
[see also: Debt - external country ranks ]
$4.169 billion (2015 est.)
$4.087 billion (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 107
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - at home country ranks ]
$228 million (2015 est.)
$215 million (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad country ranks ]
drams (AMD) per US dollar -
487.9 (2017 est.)
480.49 (2016 est.)
480.49 (2015 est.)
477.92 (2014 est.)
415.92 (2013 est.)