Location:
Eastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Poland, Romania, and Moldova in the west and Russia in the east

Geographic coordinates:
49 00 N, 32 00 E

Map references:
Asia, Europe

Area:
total: 603,550 sq km
[see also: Area - total country ranks ]
land: 579,330 sq km
[see also: Area - land country ranks ]
water: 24,220 sq km
[see also: Area - water country ranks ]
country comparison to the world: 46

Area - comparative:
almost four times the size of Georgia; slightly smaller than Texas
Area comparison map:

Land boundaries:
total: 5,618 km
border countries (7): Belarus 1,111 km, Hungary 128 km, Moldova 1,202 km, Poland 535 km, Romania 601 km, Russia 1,944 km, Slovakia 97 km
[see also: Land boundaries country ranks ]

Coastline:
2,782 km
[see also: Coastline country ranks ]

Maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 m or to the depth of exploitation

Climate:
temperate continental; Mediterranean only on the southern Crimean coast; precipitation disproportionately distributed, highest in west and north, lesser in east and southeast; winters vary from cool along the Black Sea to cold farther inland; warm summers across the greater part of the country, hot in the south

Terrain:
mostly fertile plains (steppes) and plateaus, with mountains found only in the west (the Carpathians) or in the extreme south of the Crimean Peninsula

Elevation:
mean elevation:
[see also: Mean Elevation country ranks ]
elevation extremes:
lowest point: Black Sea 0 m
highest point: Hora Hoverla 2,061 m

Natural resources:
iron ore, coal, manganese, natural gas, oil, salt, sulfur, graphite, titanium, magnesium, kaolin, nickel, mercury, timber, arable land

Land use:
agricultural land: 71.2% arable land 56.1%; permanent crops 1.5%; permanent pasture 13.6%
[see also: Land use - agricultural land country ranks ]
forest: 16.8%
[see also: Land use - forest country ranks ]
other: 12% (2011 est.)
[see also: Land use - other country ranks ]

Irrigated land:
21,750 sq km (2010)
[see also: Irrigated land country ranks ]

Total renewable water resources:
139.6 cu km (2011)
[see also: Total renewable water resources country ranks ]

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
total: 19.24 cu km/yr (24%/69%/7%)
per capita: 415.7 cu m/yr (2010)

Natural hazards:
NA

Environment - current issues:
inadequate supplies of potable water; air and water pollution; deforestation; radiation contamination in the northeast from 1986 accident at Chornobyl' Nuclear Power Plant

Environment - international agreements:
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds

Geography - note:
strategic position at the crossroads between Europe and Asia; second-largest country in Europe