Employees in Nonfarm Establishments--States statistics

[In thousands (90,406 represents 90,406,000). For coverage, see headnote, Table 682. National totals differ from the sum of the state figures because of differing benchmarks among states and differing industrial and geographic stratification. Based on 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, see text, Section 17, Business]


															1999

																Trans-	Wholesale	Finance,
State	FIPS Code											Total ¹		Con-	Manu-	portation	and	insurance	Serv-	Govern-
		1980	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998			struc-	factur-	and public	retail	and real	ices	ment
														tion	ing	utilities	trade	estate

United States	00000	90,406	109,403	108,249	108,601	110,713	114,163	117,191	119,608	122,690	125,826	128,615		6,273	18,432	6,792	29,791	7,632	39,000	20,160
Alabama	01000	1,356	1,636	1,642	1,675	1,717	1,759	1,804	1,829	1,866	1,898	1,924		104	369	95	446	92	457	352
Alaska	02000	169	238	243	247	253	259	262	264	269	275	278		14	14	26	57	13	71	74
Arizona	04000	1,014	1,483	1,491	1,517	1,584	1,692	1,796	1,892	1,985	2,075	2,160		155	211	104	511	140	680	349
Arkansas	05000	742	924	936	963	994	1,034	1,069	1,086	1,104	1,122	1,142		50	253	69	262	46	271	188
California	06000	9,849	12,500	12,359	12,154	12,045	12,160	12,422	12,743	13,130	13,596	13,972		679	1,923	719	3,194	822	4,378	2,235
Colorado	08000	1,251	1,521	1,545	1,597	1,671	1,756	1,834	1,900	1,980	2,057	2,134		148	204	139	507	141	653	329
Connecticut	09000	1,427	1,624	1,555	1,526	1,531	1,544	1,562	1,584	1,613	1,643	1,672		61	269	78	360	141	527	236
Delaware	10000	259	348	342	341	349	356	366	376	388	400	412		24	60	17	90	49	116	55
District of Columbia	11000	616	686	677	674	670	659	643	623	618	614	616		9	12	17	48	31	276	223
Florida	12000	3,576	5,387	5,294	5,359	5,571	5,799	5,996	6,183	6,414	6,637	6,877		365	488	350	1,721	449	2,531	967
Georgia	13000	2,159	2,992	2,938	2,987	3,109	3,266	3,402	3,527	3,614	3,741	3,890		199	599	258	969	203	1,066	589
Hawaii	15000	404	528	539	543	539	536	533	531	532	531	534	²	22	17	41	133	35	174	113
Idaho	16000	330	385	398	416	437	461	477	493	510	522	540		35	77	27	136	24	133	106
Illinois	17000	4,850	5,288	5,232	5,235	5,331	5,463	5,593	5,685	5,772	5,899	5,955		252	956	347	1,344	407	1,812	827
Indiana	18000	2,130	2,522	2,507	2,554	2,627	2,713	2,787	2,814	2,859	2,917	2,968		148	690	147	702	143	729	403
Iowa	19000	1,110	1,226	1,238	1,253	1,279	1,320	1,358	1,383	1,407	1,443	1,467		65	261	72	356	85	386	239
Kansas	20000	945	1,089	1,095	1,115	1,133	1,166	1,198	1,227	1,268	1,312	1,327		66	213	78	319	63	343	240
Kentucky	21000	1,210	1,471	1,475	1,509	1,548	1,597	1,643	1,672	1,711	1,753	1,795		87	321	105	426	71	463	301
Louisiana	22000	1,579	1,590	1,613	1,627	1,659	1,722	1,772	1,810	1,850	1,890	1,898		130	188	113	443	85	523	369
Maine	23000	418	535	513	512	519	532	538	543	554	569	586		28	86	24	146	31	174	96
Maryland	24000	1,712	2,171	2,100	2,081	2,102	2,146	2,183	2,211	2,267	2,324	2,382		151	177	111	550	140	814	438
Massachusetts	25000	2,654	2,985	2,821	2,795	2,840	2,904	2,977	3,035	3,109	3,179	3,236		119	433	139	738	226	1,161	418
Michigan	26000	3,443	3,970	3,891	3,927	4,006	4,147	4,274	4,361	4,448	4,495	4,528		190	978	177	1,063	208	1,240	667
Minnesota	27000	1,770	2,127	2,137	2,185	2,243	2,310	2,379	2,433	2,491	2,555	2,609		112	440	131	619	160	752	388
Mississippi	28000	829	937	938	960	1,002	1,056	1,075	1,089	1,107	1,134	1,155		56	245	56	252	42	270	229
Missouri	29000	1,970	2,345	2,309	2,334	2,395	2,471	2,521	2,567	2,639	2,684	2,725		138	411	172	642	166	771	420
Montana	30000	280	297	304	317	326	340	351	360	365	373	381		20	25	22	101	18	112	79
Nebraska	31000	628	730	739	750	767	796	816	835	854	876	891		43	118	57	215	61	243	152
Nevada	32000	400	621	629	639	671	738	786	843	891	926	985		91	42	52	202	44	426	118
New Hampshire	33000	385	508	482	487	502	523	540	554	570	589	605		24	107	21	160	33	178	81
New Jersey	34000	3,060	3,635	3,499	3,458	3,493	3,553	3,601	3,639	3,725	3,801	3,866		138	467	263	906	257	1,262	571
New Mexico	35000	465	580	585	602	626	657	682	695	709	720	730		44	42	35	171	33	211	180
New York	36000	7,207	8,212	7,887	7,730	7,760	7,831	7,892	7,939	8,067	8,237	8,454		311	893	419	1,710	748	2,926	1,442
North Carolina	37000	2,380	3,118	3,072	3,126	3,245	3,359	3,460	3,547	3,663	3,774	3,866		224	803	177	873	186	994	607
North Dakota	38000	245	266	271	277	285	295	302	309	314	320	323		17	24	18	81	16	92	72
Ohio	39000	4,367	4,882	4,819	4,848	4,918	5,076	5,221	5,296	5,392	5,482	5,548		236	1,088	245	1,334	307	1,552	773
Oklahoma	40000	1,138	1,196	1,211	1,222	1,247	1,280	1,316	1,354	1,393	1,441	1,462		58	184	82	337	73	417	283
Oregon	41000	1,045	1,247	1,245	1,268	1,308	1,363	1,418	1,475	1,526	1,552	1,572		83	241	78	388	95	425	261
Pennsylvania	42000	4,753	5,170	5,084	5,076	5,123	5,192	5,253	5,306	5,407	5,495	5,577		236	931	293	1,250	324	1,813	710
Rhode Island	44000	398	451	422	425	430	434	440	442	450	458	464		18	75	16	104	30	159	63
South Carolina	45000	1,189	1,545	1,513	1,528	1,570	1,607	1,646	1,675	1,720	1,783	1,833		114	345	88	441	82	447	315
South Dakota	46000	238	289	296	309	319	332	344	349	355	363	373		17	50	17	91	25	101	72
Tennessee	47000	1,747	2,193	2,184	2,245	2,329	2,423	2,499	2,533	2,584	2,639	2,674		124	509	171	628	131	716	391
Texas	48000	5,851	7,095	7,175	7,269	7,482	7,751	8,023	8,256	8,608	8,940	9,155		528	1,086	562	2,179	518	2,597	1,540
Utah	49000	551	724	745	769	810	860	908	955	994	1,023	1,050		73	133	59	249	57	293	179
Vermont	50000	200	258	249	251	257	264	270	275	279	285	290		15	48	12	67	13	88	47
Virginia	51000	2,157	2,896	2,829	2,848	2,919	3,004	3,070	3,136	3,232	3,320	3,408		197	396	178	749	184	1,084	610
Washington	53000	1,608	2,143	2,177	2,222	2,253	2,304	2,347	2,416	2,514	2,595	2,643		153	364	139	636	138	736	473
West Virginia	54000	646	630	629	640	653	675	688	699	708	719	726		34	82	38	163	30	217	141
Wisconsin	55000	1,938	2,292	2,302	2,358	2,413	2,491	2,559	2,601	2,656	2,718	2,777		121	616	131	628	146	735	398
Wyoming	56000	210	199	203	206	210	217	219	221	225	228	233		17	11	14	53	8	54	59

1 Includes mining, not shown separately.
2 Hawaii includes mining with construction.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment and Earnings, monthly, May issues. Compiled from data supplied by cooperating state agencies.

http://stats.bls.gov/newsrels.htm *

Employment, Hours, and Earnings from the Establishment Survey

Concepts

Establishment

An establishment is an economic unit, such as a factory, mine, or store, which produces goods or services. It is generally at a single location and engaged predominantly in one type of economic activity. Where a single location encompasses two or more distinct activities, these are treated as separate establishments, provided that separate payroll records are available and certain other criteria are met.

Employment

Employment is the total number of persons employed full or part time in nonfarm establishments during a specified payroll period. Temporary employees are included. In general, data refer to persons who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period that includes the 12th of the month, which is standard for all Federal agencies collecting employment data from business establishments. National employment figures for Federal Government establishments, however, represent the number of persons who were paid for the last full pay period of the calendar month except for the Department of Defense, which reports the number of civilian employees on the payroll the last day of the month; intermittent Federal Government workers are counted if they performed any service during the month.

Workers on an establishment payroll who are on paid sick leave (when pay is received directly from the employer); on paid holiday or vacation; or who work during only a part of the specified pay period, even though they are unemployed or on strike during the rest of the pay period, are all counted as employed. Persons on the payroll of more than one establishment during the pay period are counted in each establishment which reports them, whether the duplication is due to turnover or dual jobholding. Persons are considered employed if they receive pay for any part of the specified pay period, but they are not considered employed if they receive no pay at all for the pay period. Since proprietors, the self-employed, and unpaid family workers do not have the status of paid employees, they are not included. Also excluded from the employed are domestic workers in households; persons who are on layoff, on leave without pay, or on strike for the entire pay period; and persons who were hired but have not yet started work during the pay period. The employment statistics for government refer to civilian employees only. All persons who meet these specifications are included in the designation "all employees," regardless of industry.

In addition to employment data for all employees, the survey also collects data on a major category of workers in each industry, differentiated primarily to ensure the expeditious collection of current statistics on hours and earnings. These groups of employees are designated production workers, construction workers, or nonsupervisory workers, depending upon the industry.

Data are collected for production workers in manufacturing and mining industries. In manufacturing, this group covers employees, up through the level of working supervisors, who engage directly in the manufacture of the establishment's product. Among those excluded from this category are persons in executive and managerial positions and persons engaged in activities such as accounting, sales, advertising, routine office work, professional and technical functions, and force-account construction. (Force-account construction is construction work performed by an establishment, primarily engaged in some business other than construction, for its own account and for use by its own employees.) Production workers in mining are defined in a similar manner.

In construction, the term "construction workers" covers workers, up through the level of working supervisors, who are engaged directly on the construction project either at the site or in shops or yards at jobs ordinarily performed by members of construction trades. Excluded from this category are executive and managerial personnel, professional and technical employees, and workers in routine office jobs.

In the remaining private sector industries (transportation, communications, and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services) data are collected for nonsupervisory workers. Nonsupervisory workers include most employees except those in top executive and managerial positions.

An employment benchmark is a reasonably complete count of employment used to adjust estimates derived from a sample. Adjustment is usually done annually. The basic source of benchmark data for the CES survey is data on "all employees" collected from employers by State employment security agencies as a byproduct of the unemployment insurance (UI) system. About 98 percent of all employees on nonfarm payrolls are covered by the UI system.

Hours and earnings

The hours and earnings series are based on reports of gross payrolls and the corresponding paid hours for production workers, construction workers, or nonsupervisory workers.

Aggregate payrolls include pay before deductions for Social Security, unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, salary reduction plans, bonds, and union dues. The payroll figures also include pay for overtime, shift premiums, holidays, vacations, and sick leave paid directly by the employer to employees for the pay period reported. They exclude bonuses, commissions, and other lump-sum payments (unless earned and paid regularly each pay period or month), or other pay not earned in the pay period concerned (e.g., retroactive pay). Tips and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payments in kind are not included.

Total hours during the pay period include all hours worked (including overtime hours), hours paid for standby or reporting time, and equivalent hours for which employees received pay directly from the employer for sick leave, holidays, vacations, and other leave. Overtime or other premium pay hours are not converted to straight-time equivalent hours. The concept of total hours differs from scheduled hours or hours worked. The average weekly hours derived from the total hours reflect the effects of such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and strikes, as well as fluctuations in work schedules.

Overtime hours are hours worked for which premiums were paid because they were in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or workweek. Saturday and Sunday hours (or 6- and 7th-day hours) are included as overtime only if overtime premiums were paid. Holiday hours worked as overtime are not included unless they are paid for at more than the straight-time rate. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or similar types of premiums were paid are excluded from overtime hours. Overtime hours data are collected only from establishments in manufacturing industries.

Average hourly earnings series, derived by dividing gross payrolls by total hours, reflect the actual earnings of workers, including premium pay. They differ from wage rates, which are the amounts stipulated for a given unit of work or time. Average hourly earnings do not represent total labor costs per hour for the employer, because they exclude retroactive payments and irregular bonuses, employee benefits, and the employer's share of payroll taxes. Earnings for those employees not covered under the production worker and nonsupervisory categories are not reflected in the estimates.

Real earnings data (those expressed in 1982 dollars) result from the adjustment of average hourly and weekly earnings by means of the Bureau's Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W); they indicate the changes in the purchasing power of money earnings as a result of price changes for consumer goods and services. These data cannot be used to measure changes in living standards as a whole, which are affected by other factors such as total family income, the extension and incidence of various social services and benefits, and the duration and extent of employment and unemployment. The long-term trends of these earnings data are also affected by changing mixes of full-time/part-time workers, high-paid/low-paid workers, etc.

Straight-time average hourly earnings are approximated by adjusting average hourly earnings by eliminating only premium pay for overtime at a rate of time and one-half. Thus, no adjustment is made for other premium payment provisions such as holiday work, late shift work, and premium overtime rates other than those at time and one-half. Straight-time average hourly earnings are calculated only for manufacturing industries because data on overtime hours are not collected in other industries.

Industrial classification

Industrial classification refers to the grouping of reporting establishments into industries on the basis of their major product or activity as determined by the establishments' percentages of total sales or receipts for the previous calendar year. This information is collected as an administrative byproduct of the UI reporting system. All data for an establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one activity are classified under the industry of the most important product or activity, based on the percentages reported.

Industries are classified in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, Office of Management and Budget.

http://www.allcountries.org/uscensus/683_employees_in_nonfarm_establishments_states.html

These tables are based on figures supplied by the United States Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce and are subject to revision by the Census Bureau.

Copyright © 2006 Photius Coutsoukis and Information Technology Associates, all rights reserved.