Z Less than 500.
1 Includes arson.

Source: U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Crime in the United States, annual.

http://WWW.fbi.GOV/ucr/ucr.htm

*Uniform Crime Reports

The FBIs UCR Program, which began in 1929, collectsinformation on the following crimes reported to law enforcementauthorities: homicide, forcible rape, robbery, aggravatedassault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson.Arrests are reported for 21 additional crime categories.The UCR data are compiled from monthly law enforcementreports or individual crime incident records transmitted directlyto the FBI or to centralized state agencies that then report tothe FBI. Each report submitted to the UCR Program is examinedthoroughly for reasonableness, accuracy, and deviationsthat may indicate errors. Large variations in crime levels mayindicate modified records procedures, incomplete reporting, orchanges in a jurisdictions boundaries. To identify any unusualfluctuations in an agencys crime counts, monthly reports arecompared with previous submissions of the agency and withthose for similar agencies.

In 1995, law enforcement agencies active in the UCRProgram represented approximately 251 million United Statesinhabitants or 95 percent of the U.S. population.The UCR Program provides crime counts for the Nation asa whole, as well as for regions, states, counties, cities, and towns.This permits studies among neighboring jurisdictions andamong those with similar populations and other common characteristics.UCR findings for each calendar year are published in apreliminary release in the spring, followed by a detailed annualreport, Crime in the United States, issued in the followingcalendar year. In addition to crime counts and trends, this reportincludes data on crimes cleared, persons arrested (age, sex,and race), law enforcement personnel (including the numberof sworn officers killed or assaulted), and the characteristics ofhomicides (including age, sex, and race of victims and offenders,victim-offender relationships, weapons used, and circum-stancessurrounding the homicides). Other special reports arealso available from the UCR Program.*Arrests

The arrest statistics report the number of arrests made by law enforcement agencies in a particular year -- not the number of individuals arrested, nor the number ofcrimes committed. The number of arrests is not equivalent to the number ofpeople arrested because an unknown number of individuals are arrestedmore than once in the year. Nor do arrest statistics represent counts ofcrimes committed by arrested individuals, because a series of crimescommitted by one individual may culminate in a single arrest or a singlecrime may result in the arrest of more than one person. This lattersituation, many arrests resulting from one crime, is relatively common injuvenile law-violating behavior, because juveniles are more likely thanadults to commit crimes in groups. This is the primary reason why arreststatistics should not be used to indicate the relative proportion of crimecommitted by juveniles and adults. Arrest statistics are most appropriatelya measure of flow into the criminal and juvenile justice systems.

Arrest statistics also have limitations in measuring the volume of arrestsfor a particular offense. Under the UCR Program, the FBI requires lawenforcement agencies to classify an arrest by the most serious offensecharged in that arrest. For example, the arrest of a youth charged withaggravated assault and possession of a controlled substance would bereported to the FBI as an arrest for aggravated assault. Therefore, whenarrest statistics show that law enforcement agencies made an estimated220,700 arrests of young people for drug abuse violations in 1997, itmeans that a drug abuse violation was the most serious charge in these220,700 arrests. An unknown number of additional arrests in 1997included a drug charge as a lesser offense.

*The Crime Index

The following offenses and attempts to commit these offenses are used in compiling the Crime Index: (1) murder andnonnegligent manslaughter, (2) forcible rape, (3) robbery, (4) aggravated assault, (5) burglary, (6) larceny-theft, (7) motorvehicle theft, and (8) arson. Arson was added as the eighth index offense in October 1978. (Manslaughter by negligence andsimple or minor assaults are not included in the Crime Index.)

Criminal homicide-- a. Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter: the willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being byanother. Deaths caused by negligence, attempts to kill, assaults to kill, suicides, accidental deaths, and justifiable homicides areexcluded. Justifiable homicides are limited to: (1) the killing of a felon by a law enforcement officer in the line of duty and (2)the killing of a felon by a private citizen. b. Manslaughter by negligence: the killing of another person through gross negligence.Traffic fatalities are excluded. While manslaughter by negligence is a Part I crime, it is not included in the Crime Index.

Forcible rape--The carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will. Included are rapes by force and attempts orassaults to rape. Statutory offenses (no force used--victim under age of consent) are excluded.

Robbery--The taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons byforce or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear.

Aggravated assault--An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purpose of inflicting severe or aggravatedbodily injury. This type of assault usually is accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or greatbodily harm. Simple assaults are excluded.

Burglary--breaking or entering--The unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or a theft. Attempted forcible entry isincluded.

Larceny-theft (except motor vehicle theft)--The unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property from thepossession or constructive possession of another. Examples are thefts of bicycles or automobile accessories, shoplifting,pocket-picking, or the stealing of any property or article which is not taken by force and violence or by fraud. Attemptedlarcenies are included. Embezzlement, "con" games, forgery, worthless checks, etc., are excluded.

Motor vehicle theft--The theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle. A motor vehicle is self-propelled and runs on thesurface and not on rails. Specifically excluded from this category are motorboats, construction equipment, airplanes, andfarming equipment.

Part II offenses

Other assaults (simple)--Assaults and attempted assaults where no weapon is used and which do not result inserious or aggravated injury to the victim.

Forgery and counterfeiting--Making, altering, uttering, or possessing, with intent to defraud, anything false in thesemblance of that which is true. Attempts are included.

Fraud--Fraudulent conversion and obtaining money or property by false pretenses. Included are confidence gamesand bad checks, except forgeries and counterfeiting.

Embezzlement--Misappropriation or misapplication of money or property entrusted to one's care, custody, orcontrol.

Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing--Buying, receiving, and possessing stolen property, includingattempts.

Vandalism--Willful or malicious destruction, injury, disfigurement, or defacement of any public or private property,real or personal, without consent of the owner or persons having custody or control.

Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc.--All violations of regulations or statutes controlling the carrying, using,possessing, furnishing, and manufacturing of deadly weapons or silencers. Attempts are included.

Prostitution and commercialized vice--Sex offenses of a commercialized nature, such as prostitution, keeping abawdy house, procuring, or transporting women for immoral purposes. Attempts are included.

Sex offenses (except forcible rape, prostitution, and commercialized vice)--Statutory rape and offenses againstchastity, common decency, morals, and the like. Attempts are included.

Drug abuse violations--State and local offenses relating to the unlawful possession, sale, use, growing, andmanufacturing of narcotic drugs. The following drug categories are specified: Opium or cocaine and their derivatives(morphine, heroin, codeine); marijuana; synthetic narcotics--manufactured narcotics that can cause true addiction(demerol, methadone); and dangerous non-narcotic drugs (barbiturates, benzedrine).

Gambling--Promoting, permitting, or engaging in illegal gambling.

Offenses against the family and children--Nonsupport, neglect, desertion, or abuse of family and children.

Driving under the influence--Driving or operating any vehicle or common carrier while drunk or under theinfluence of liquor or narcotics.

Liquor laws--State or local liquor law violations, except "drunkenness" and "driving under the influence." Federalviolations are excluded.

Drunkenness--Offenses relating to drunkenness or intoxication. Excluded is "driving under the influence."

Disorderly conduct--Breach of the peace.

Vagrancy--Vagabondage, begging, loitering, etc.

All other offenses--All violations of State or local laws, except those listed above and traffic offenses.

Suspicion--No specific offense; suspect released without formal charges being placed.

Curfew and loitering laws-(persons under age 18)--Offenses relating to violations of local curfew or loiteringordinances where such laws exist.

Runaways-(persons under age 18)--Limited to juveniles taken into protective custody under provisions of localstatutes.

*